Emerging scholars from across Africa focus on the multiple innovative ways through which Africa has been confronting challenges. The chapters cover peace and security including democracy and governance, gender and global change, development for the people, as well as science and technology. The book grew out of the Ninth African Young Graduates and Scholars conference which is rooted in the pan-African perspective of an integrated, prosperous, and peaceful Africa, driven by its own citizens. CONTENTS: • Preface. • PEACE AND SECURITY, INCLUDING DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE. • Interrogating the Relationship Between Unconstitutional Changes of Government and Illicit Drugs in West Africa: The Case of Guinea-Bissau and Guinea Conakry--I.A. Aladegbola. • African Electoral Conflicts: Conditioning and Triggering Factors--A. Nyam. • A Contradiction in Conflict: Armed Non-state Actors that Contribute to Security in Africa--L.-M. Visagie. • GENDER AND GLOBAL CHANGE. • A Gendered Analytical Perspective of Adaptation Policies and Strategies in Africa--M. Azong. • Assessing Gendered Vulnerability to Climate Change in Nzhelele, Limpopo Province--J. Chineka, A. Musyoki, E. Kori, and H. Chikoore. • The Right to Landscape: Facing Climate Change and a Gendered Political Economy through "Pastoralist" Peace-building in Somalia--T. Naidoo. • Transformational Development: The Nexus Between Biodiversity and the Trade in Traditional Medicine in South Africa--S.G. Nkosi. • DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PEOPLE. • The Contribution of Corporate Social Investment to Sustainable Cultural Heritage Resource Management in Botswana: The Case of Debswana Diamond Mining Company--O. Molefe. • SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. • Information and Communications Technology Distribution Inequalities in Rural South Africa--K.H. Ramoroka. • Converting Municipal Solid Waste into Energy in Africa--P. Tshigoli.